capo (名词)堂主；犯罪集团分支机构的首领。复数为capos。
 Mafia (mafia) Mob (mob)黑手党(源自义大利语，原为阿拉伯语mahyah夸耀的意思)。由于黑手党份子反对称他们为Mafia，报章杂志等遂改称为the Mob。黑手党的龙头老大叫don或boss；黑手党份子叫mafioso (复数型为mafiosi)或mobster。

Hells Angels Hells Angels地狱天使：美加著名的飞车帮(biker gang或motorcycle gang)
Yamaguchi-gumi 山口组(日本黑帮)

Yakuza 日本黑道份子crime organization crime organization
crime syndicate犯罪组织
犯罪集团 gang gangland
gangland war, gang warfare帮派
黑社会的( adj. )
黑帮火拼
organized crime组织犯罪
redfellas俄罗斯黑道份子：Officials say the Russian mafiosi — police like to call them ' Redfellas ' — have established a beachhead in Miami, from where many of their illegal activities are being organised. (纽约时报)

turf warfare 地盘
黑道争夺地盘的火拼 underworld 黑社会

滚石机器帮 (Rock Machine)

对自己的组 织，黑手党美其名曰：“荣誉社会”。入会程序极严：几个经过挑选的弟兄将申请人带进一间昏暗的屋子里，申请人用匕首在自己的右臂割一道口子，蘸着流出的血 在纸上画一个骷髅和两根交叉的胫骨，然后用烛火将纸烧毁，同时宣誓。誓词大意是：我以我的名誉发誓，我将像团体忠于我那样去忠于团体。我的几滴血已随着这 图案燃烧成灰烬，我整个人也就交给了团体。灰烬不会再还原为纸，我也永远不能再脱离团体……黑手党的组织极为严密，大体上可分为三个层次。最基层叫做“十 人组”，当然，并非总以十人为限，所以又可以叫做“小组”。组长由组员（又称作“士兵”）按不记名投票方式选举，对组内事务掌有全权。中层组织叫“家 族”，由数个“十人组”组成，“家长”（在美国多称“教父”）由各个小组长选举产生。在家族中，家长享有至高无上的权力，可以决定每个弟兄的生杀予夺。家 长生病、坐牢或因其他原因不在家时，由他事先指定的副手主持“家务”。

　　黑手党的最高层由家长们或其代表组成的“委员会”，其任务是负责协调整个黑手党的活动。委员会也有领导人，即由家长及其副手们推选的“霸主”（在美国也称作“教皇”）。其实，推选只是个形式，实际上是哪个家族势力最大，其家长也就自然而然地成为霸主。

Picciotto -Shoplifter -Pickpocket -Associate -Swindler -Assassin -Local Chief -Chief -Bruglione -Godfather  irst Lady

La Cosa Nostra
　　
　　我们经常在看欧美电影，特别是美国电影的时候，对一些演员说出的话不太理解，有时甚至是完全不懂。其原因就是，他们说的许多话涉及到欧美现实 生活中的灰色地带，只有真正的欧美人才能理解并产生共鸣。本期，我们就将带大家了解一下这些灰色文化，让你真正看懂欧美黑帮电影，学习其中语言文化现象。
　　
　　"Ever since I can remember, I've always wanted to be a gangster". This was the first line of Martin Scorcese's classic gangster film, Goodfellas. Indeed, it sums up the relationship that the normal world has with the mafia. Despite our abhorrence at the activities of organized crime gangs, we just can't get enough gangster movies and T.V. shows. It has been one of the most enduring genres in the business. And it's not just any crime syndicate that is popular; to the chagrin of millions of law-abiding Italian-Americans, the Italian mafia in America is by far the most popular subject.
　　
　　“自从我有记忆开始，我就一直想成为一名黑帮分子”。这是马丁?斯科塞斯执导的经典黑帮电影《好家伙》中的第一句台词。没错，它概括了常人社 会与黑手党之间的关系。尽管我们憎恨有组织犯罪团伙的活动，但我们还是看不够黑帮题材的影视作品。这是影视业中最经久不衰的类型之一。而且，受欢迎的并非 是所有的犯罪团伙；令数百万守遵纪守法的意大利裔美国人委屈的是，美国的意大利黑手党是到目前为止最受欢迎的题材。
　　
　　Why are these movies popular? Maybe like the character in Goodfellas a part of everyone has always wanted to be a gangster; to live outside the law, to be feared and respected. Needless to say, movies that depict the Italian mafia in the U.S.A. are choc-a-bloc with mafia lingo. Owing to the popularity of this genre, a lot of the slang associated with gangsters has become popular in normal speech. This issue of The Far Side is going to give you a lesson in gangster talk. So listen up, 'capisce'?
　　
　　这类影片为什么能流行起来呢？也许就像《好家伙》中的那个角色一样，每个人内心中都有一个想要成为黑帮分子的想法；想要逍遥法外，想要为人所 敬畏。不用说，以美国意大利黑手党为题材的电影充斥着黑手党的行话。由于这一电影类型的流行，许多与黑帮有关的俚语在日常对话中流行开来。而本期的 《The Far Side》就将来帮你学习一下黑帮用语。那么，就好好听听吧，“明白吗”?
　　
　　
　　The version of the Sicilian mafia in America is called 'La Cosa Nostra', which roughly translates from Italian as "this thing of ours". It has several other names too, such as 'the Family', 'the Mob', 'the Outfit', 'the Syndicate' and 'the Organisation'. Any fan of American gangster movies will be familiar with the importance of honour to 'Mafioso'. The whole organisation depends on a code of rules for its survival. The most important rule is called 'omerta'. This is a code of silence and means that no member may discuss the business of the organisation with an outsider. Those who give information to the police are called 'rats'. A 'rat' will do anything to survive, even betray his friends.
　　
　　美国的西西里黑手党被称作“La Cosa Nostra”，从意大利语翻译过来后，其大意就是“咱们的事”。它也有其它的叫法，如“家族”、“暴徒”、“团体”、“辛迪加”和“组织”。任何喜爱黑 帮电影的影迷都会熟知荣誉对“黑手党成员”的重要性。整个组织为了生存需要按规则办事。最重要的一条规则就是“拒绝作证”。这是一个保持沉默的规范，意思 是成员不应向局外人谈论组织的事业。那些向警察透露信息的人被叫做“叛徒”。“叛徒”为了生存什么都会做，甚至是出卖他的朋友。
　　
　　'La Cosa Nostra' is divided into smaller units known as 'Families'. Each 'Family' is hierarchical in structure. Some of the most famous gangster flicks depict the rise of one man through this structure. Every member must start working as an 'associate' of a 'Family'. This means working for the 'Family' without actually being in it. There are two types of position available. The first is as an 'earner'. This involves running a business venture for the 'Family'. Illegal business activities are called 'rackets', for example, protection rackets. The second type of position is an 'enforcer', which means using physical violence and intimidation to help the 'Family' carry out its policies. 'Enforcers' are also known as 'muscle', 'heavies' and 'goons'.
　　
　　“咱们的事”被划分为更小的组织——“家族”。而每个“家族”在结构上是有等级划分的。一些最为著名的黑帮电影就描述了一个人是如何在这个框 架中往上爬的。每名成员必须从“家族”的“准成员”做起。这就是说，为“家族”做事却并非其实际成员。有两类现成的职位。第一类是做“捞钱者”。这类人需 要为“家族”经营一个风险生意。非法的生意活动被称为“勒索”，如强收保护费。第二类职位是“干事”，它的意思是使用人身攻击和威胁手段来帮助“家族”执 行其策略。“干事”还被称为“肌肉”、“反角”和“打手”。
　　
　　After proving himself as a hard and reliable worker the member can then be sworn into 'La Cosa Nostra'. He then becomes a 'made man', which is also called 'a man of honour'. This initiation process can be described as 'getting made', 'getting your button' or 'getting straightened out'. He is now a full member and will be protected by the organisation. This is only open to those of Italian origin.